| Calcium, a silvery metallic element and one of the | | | | important to calculate the amount of calcium |
| alkaline earth metals is the most abundant metallic | | | | supplementation you need. The first thing is to |
| element in the human body. It is the fifth most | | | | estimate your current dietary intake of calcium |
| abundant element in the Earth's crust and is essential | | | | outside of any supplementation that you may take. |
| for physiological functions. Calcium is a mineral that is | | | | Most women eat 2 to 3 meals a day so you can |
| essential for bones, to increase bone mineral density | | | | assume you get 250 mg calcium per day not counting |
| and improves the effectiveness of osteoporosis | | | | dairy foods or calcium fortified foods. A lot of |
| medications. Calcium has also been shown to | | | | women take an additional 300 mg calcium by one |
| decrease bone loss in postmenopausal women. | | | | serving of dairy products. If you drink one glass of |
| According to a Woman's Health Initiative trial, | | | | milk then your total intake is calculated to be 550 mg |
| incidences of hip fracture decrease in older women | | | | calcium per day. Therefore you need an additional |
| who supplement calcium in their diet. | | | | 650-950 mg per day. |
| As we age our calcium intake naturally increases due | | | | Since we have determined that our intake of calcium |
| to the reduction of intestinal calcium adsorption after | | | | is lacking, the next question you may have is what |
| menopause for women. Post menopausal women | | | | form of calcium should I be taking in a supplement to |
| also have reduced acid production in the stomach and | | | | meet my needs? There are a few different forms of |
| lower intake of vitamin D therefore calcium citrate | | | | calcium found in your local health food store such as |
| supplement should be taken increasing calcium levels | | | | (i) calcium carbonate and (ii) calcium citrate. Some |
| to offset the lower intestinal adsorption and less | | | | women who take calcium carbonate suffer from |
| efficient conversion of calcium by the kidneys. The | | | | constipation, nausea and indigestion. Calcium |
| national academies of sciences guidelines for calcium | | | | carbonate is best taken with food because of |
| intake for women suggest 1,000 mg per day for | | | | improved adsorption. Calcium citrate on the other |
| women between the ages 31-50 years old; women | | | | hand is best taken on an empty stomach for |
| older than 50 should take upwards of 1,200 mg | | | | improved adsorption. Calcium citrate is less likely to |
| calcium per day. The problem however is, most | | | | cause constipation, nausea and indigestion therefore it |
| postmenopausal women in today's society either | | | | is the better choice for older women with lower |
| have poor diets, and or are vegans. The elderly may | | | | stomach acid and lower intake of vitamin D. |
| not have adequate calcium intake because of their | | | | Furthermore, some research has shown that |
| dietary lack as well. In the USA, postmenopausal | | | | combining Vitamin D with calcium can improve |
| women have dietary intakes of around 600 mg per | | | | adsorption. |
| day which is below the recommended amount. | | | | Calcium supplementation is extremely safe, even in |
| Calcium in the blood has roles in muscle contraction, | | | | quantities up to 1,500 mg per day from both diet and |
| nerve-impulse transmission, blood clotting, milk | | | | supplements there is no risk of increased kidney |
| production (women), hormone secretion, and enzyme | | | | stones. However, calcium intake greater than 2,500 |
| function. If there is a calcium deficiency in the diet, | | | | mg per day from diet and supplementation should be |
| calcium is pulled from the bones and teeth so other | | | | avoided unless recommended by your health care |
| body functions can continue. Therefore, it is | | | | professional. |