| Leukemia has two major types: acute and chronic. In | | | | allogeneic bone marrow stem cell transplant we can |
| what concerns acute leukemia, there are two forms: | | | | mention the risk of graft-versus-host disease. This |
| if leukemia involves lymphocytes, we are dealing with | | | | happens when the other person's bone marrow |
| acute lymphoblastic leukemia, and if it involves | | | | attacks the recipient's body. In this way, there |
| myeloid cells, is called acute myelogenous leukemia. | | | | appears a disease that affects the skin, liver and |
| Depending on the particular cell that has become | | | | many other organs. In this case, therapy with |
| malignant, there can be many different types of | | | | immunosuppressive drugs is needed. |
| acute lymphoblastic leukemia and acute myelogenous | | | | When a matched donor is available, there can be |
| leukemia.It was seen that chronic leukemia affects | | | | performed transplantation for high-risk leukemia |
| primarily the myeloid cells in the bone marrow. This is | | | | patients in first remission. In very high-risk patients, |
| called chronic myelogenous leukemia, and is found | | | | like those with leukemia who fail to achieve first |
| mostly in adults, but children and teenagers can | | | | remission with chemotherapy, there can be done an |
| develop it too.We must mention that there exists a | | | | unrelated donor transplant as soon as remission is |
| disorder of the bone marrow known as | | | | achieved. As eligible we can mention infants with |
| myelodysplastic syndrome. Often called a | | | | leukemia, children with high-risk lymphoblastic leukemia |
| pre-leukemia syndrome because patients with it have | | | | and children with acute myelogenous leukemia. Also, |
| a significantly increased risk of developing leukemia, | | | | children with myelodysplastic syndrome are eligible for |
| this syndrome is often associated with low blood cell | | | | transplant as soon as the diagnosis is established. |
| counts and increased requirements for transfusions. | | | | Many children with acute leukemias whose leukemia |
| Allogeneic bone marrow stem cell transplantation is | | | | has relapsed can have bone marrow stem cell |
| used to treat a variety of childhood leukemias or | | | | transplantation. Transplantation can be from related |
| cancers and myelodysplastic syndrome that involve | | | | donors like brothers, sisters, parents, and occasionally |
| the cells within the bone marrow. In this transplant, | | | | more distant relatives such as cousins and |
| there are used another person's bone marrow cells | | | | grandparents.Also, transplantation can be from |
| to restore bone marrow after high dose | | | | matched unrelated donors, including umbilical cord |
| chemotherapy and radiation therapy.As an advantage | | | | blood.In what concerns children with chronic |
| of an allogeneic transplant over an autologous | | | | myelogenous leukemia who cannot be put into |
| transplant we can mention the "graft-versus-leukemia | | | | complete remission with drugs, they should undergo a |
| effect". The donor's healthy bone marrow kills | | | | transplant as early as possible in the course of the |
| residual leukemia cells, and in this way decreases the | | | | disease. |
| patient's chance of relapse.As a disadvantage of an | | | | |