| Gastric bypass (also called bariatric
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| | generally lose two-thirds of their excess
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| surgery) closes off a large portion of
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| | weight within 2 years.
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| the stomach, leaving only a pouch the
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| | There are risks associated with gastric
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| size of an egg. Gastric bypass works by
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| | bypass surgery. People who undergo this
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| restricting food intake. Patients feel
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| | procedure are at risk for: pouch
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| full after eating small amounts of food.
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| | stretching (stomach gets bigger overtime,
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| Fewer calories are eaten and weight is
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| | stretching back to its normal size before
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| lost. Gastric bypass patients typically
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| | surgery), band erosion (the band closing
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| lose 70% of their excess weight, most of
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| | off part of the stomach disintegrates),
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| it in the first year after surgery.
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| | breakdown of staple lines (band and
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| Gastric bypass surgery combines the
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| | staples fall apart, reversing procedure),
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| creation of a small stomach pouch to
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| | leakage of stomach contents into the
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| restrict food intake and construction of
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| | abdomen (this is dangerous because the
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| bypasses of the duodenum and other
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| | acid can eat away other organs),
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| segments of the small intestine to cause
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| | nutritional deficiencies causing health
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| malabsorption (decreased ability to
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| | problems.
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| absorb nutrients from food).
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| | Gastric bypass operations also may cause
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| There are two types of gastric bypass
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| | "dumping syndrome," whereby stomach
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| surgery: Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RGB)
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| | contents move too rapidly through the
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| and extensive gastric bypass
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| | small intestine. Symptoms include nausea,
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| (biliopancreatic diversion).
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| | weakness, sweating, faintness, and,
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| Roux-en-Y gastric bypass is the most
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| | occasionally, diarrhea after eating, as
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| common gastric bypass procedure performed
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| | well as the inability to eat sweets
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| in the U.S. First, a small stomach pouch
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| | without becoming extremely weak.
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| is created by stapling part of the
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| | Gallstones can occur in response to rapid
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| stomach together or by vertical banding.
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| | weight loss. They can be dissolved with
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| This limits how much food you can eat.
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| | medication taken after the surgery.
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| Next, a Y-shaped section of the small
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| | The limited absorption of vitamin B12 and
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| intestine is attached to the pouch to
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| | iron can cause anemia. The lack of
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| allow food to bypass the duodenum as well
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| | calcium absorption can cause osteoporosis
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| as the first portion of the jejunum. This
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| | and metabolic bone disease. People who
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| causes reduced calorie and nutrient
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| | undergo this procedure are required to
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| absorption. This procedure can now be
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| | take nutritional supplements that usually
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| done with a laparoscope (a thin
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| | prevent these deficiencies. The more
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| telescope-like instrument for viewing
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| | extensive the bypass operation, the
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| inside the abdomen) in some people. This
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| | greater is the risk for complications and
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| involves using small incisions and
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| | nutritional deficiencies. People who
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| generally has a more rapid recovery time.
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| | undergo extensive bypasses of the normal
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| In extensive gastric bypass ? a more
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| | digestive process require not only close
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| complicated gastric bypass operation -
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| | monitoring, but also lifelong use of
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| the lower portion of the stomach is
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| | special foods and medications.
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| removed. The small pouch that remains is
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| | Low carbs, the bottom line: you may lose
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| connected directly to the final segment
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| | weight quicker on a low-carbohydrate diet
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| of the small intestine, thus completely
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| | than on a diet to cut calories. However,
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| bypassing both the duodenum and jejunum.
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| | don't expect to lose as much weight as
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| Although this procedure successfully
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| | diet books say you will and remember that
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| promotes weight loss, it is not as widely
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| | the risks of heart disease, stroke,
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| used because of the high risk for
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| | cancer, and osteoporosis for people on
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| nutritional deficiencies.
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| | low-carb diets have not been tested.
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| Gastric bypass operations that cause
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| | There's plenty of research that shows the
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| malabsorption and restrict food intake
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| | way to go is moderation in eating a diet
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| produce more weight loss than restriction
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| | rich in fruits, veggies, beans, whole
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| operations, which only decrease food
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| | grains, seafood, poultry, and low-fat
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| intake. People who have bypass operations
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| | dairy products.
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