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Symptoms and Treatment of Brain Cancer

Brain cancer is a disease of the brain wheremutations and deletions of tumor suppressor
cancer cells (malignant) grow in the braingenes (i.e., genes that suppress the
tissue. Cancer cells grow to form a mass ofdevelopment of malignant cells) increase the
cancer tissue (tumor) that interferes withrisk  for  some  types  of  brain  cancer.
brain tissue functions such as muscle
control, sensation, memory, and other normalSymptoms
body functions. Tumors composed of cancer
cells are called malignant tumors, and thoseThe signs and symptoms of a brain tumor vary
composed of noncancerous cells are calledgreatly and depend on the brain tumor's size,
benign tumors. Cancer cells that develop fromlocation  and  rate  of  growth.
brain tissue are called primary brain tumors.
Statistics suggest that brain cancer is notDepending on the location and size of the
rare and is likely to develop in about 20,000tumor, symptoms experienced by each patient
people  per  year.may vary. Most of the common symptoms are due
to increased intracranial pressure as the
There are two main types of brain cancer.growing tumor affects surrounding structures:
Primary brain cancer starts in the brain.
Metastatic brain cancer starts somewhere elseFrequent headaches (reported by 50% of
in the body and moves to the brain. Brainpatients)
tumors can be benign, with no cancer cells,
or malignant, with cancer cells that growBlurry  vision
quickly.
Nausea  and/or  vomiting
Although such growths are popularly called
brain tumors, not all brain tumors arePersonality  or  cognitive  changes
cancer. Cancer is a term reserved for
malignant  tumors.Treatment
Malignant tumors grow and spreadTreatment for brain cancer depends on the age
aggressively, overpowering healthy cells byof the patient, the stage of the disease, the
taking their space, blood, and nutrients.type and location of the tumor, and whether
(Like all cells of the body, tumor cells needthe cancer is a primary tumor or brain
blood  and  nutrients  to  survive.)metastases. The treatment plan is developed
by the oncology team and the patient.
Primary  tumorsTreatment involves any combination of
surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy. Some
The brain is made up of many different typestumors require several different surgical
of  cells.procedures, and some can be treated with
radiation  alone.
Some brain cancers occur when one type of
cell transforms from its normalBefore treatment begins, most patients are
characteristics. Once transformed, the cellsgiven steroids, drugs that relieve swelling
grow  and  multiply  in  abnormal  ways.or edema. Your may receive anticonvulsant
medicine to prevent or control seizures. If
As these abnormal cells grow, they become ahydrocephalus is present, you may need a
mass,  or  tumor.shunt to drain cerebrospinal fluid. A shunt
is a long, thin tube placed in a ventricle of
Causes  and  Risk  Factorsthe brain and then threaded under the skin to
another part of the body, usually the
Aside from a known association with exposureabdomen. It works like a drainpipe. Excess
to vinyl chloride, there are no knownfluid is carried away from the brain and is
chemical or environmental agents that lead toabsorbed in the abdomen. In some cases, the
the development of brain tumors. Geneticfluid is drained into the heart.



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